This section includes, for example, works by Hans Hartung, a German artist who took French nationality, containing wide black bands that give structure to the pictorial space, the compositions painted from initial studies. This structure is reminiscent of the works of his contemporary, Gérard Schneider, a Swiss artist and another pioneer of lyrical abstraction. However, these compositions diverge from the action paintings of Georges Mathieu, who preferred liveliness of gesture and speed of execution, using the most direct means of painting with large brush strokes, sometimes even using the paint tubes straight onto the canvas. We can also find this procedure in the works of Canadian painter Jean Paul Riopelle, who, using the tube and a spatula or palette knife, lays the pictorial material directly on to the canvas, giving life to huge all-over mosaics accentuated by random meshes sprayed in all directions. Among American painters, Ernest Briggs had no hesitation in employing energetic gestures, flinging paint from the brush onto the whole canvas, similarly to Mathieu.